Research Article

Plasma Oxidative Status of Diabetic Rats Treated with Ethanol Extract of C. sativus Fruit

Abu OD.1* Okuo VA.2 Chukwuma AU.1 Ohiomah CB.1 Idehen IO.1 Etoroma OM.3 Eze-Nwaobasi OP.1 

• 1Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City 
• 2Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Sciences, University of Kentucky 3Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Benin, Benin City
•  

Correspondence: Abu OD, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Benin, Benin City, Nigeria; Email [email protected] Received: February 21, 2024 Published: March 08, 2024 

Citation: Abu OD. Plasma Oxidative Status of Diabetic Rats Treated with Ethanol Extract of C. sativus Fruit. Int J Bio and Med. 2024;1(1):01–07. 

Copyright: ©2024 Dowse. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and build upon your work non-commercially.

Abstract 

At present, diabetes mellitus remains a serious health challenge, worldwide. The current treatment strategies cannot sufficiently ameliorate the various complications caused by the disease. The aim of the present study was to investigate oxidative status of diabetic rats plasma administered ethanol extract of C. sativus fruit. Male albino rats (Wistar strain, n = 25) weighing between 200 and 230 g (mean weight = 215 ± 15 g) were randomly assigned to five groups (5 rats in a group): control, diabetic, metformin, and 200 mg/kg body weight (bwt) and 300 mg/kg bwt extract groups. Diabetes mellitus was induced in the rats via intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ, 50 mg/kg bwt). The diabetic rats were then treated with metformin (50 mg/kg bwt) or the medicinal plant extract (200 and 300 mg/kg bwt, respectively), for 21 days. Indices of oxidative stress were measured in rat plasma. The results showed that the activities of all the antioxidant enzymes [catalase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione reductase (GR)], and concentrations of glutathione (GSH) as well as organ/body weight ratio were significantly lower in diabetic group than in the control group, but they were increased by extract treatment (p < 0.05). However, the concentrations of nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde (MDA) elevated by STZ were greatly reduced after treatment with the medicinal plant extract (p < 0.05). These results indicate that ethanol extract of Cucumis sativus fruit can enhance antioxidant defense system in rats exposed to STZ. 

Keywords: Cucumis sativus, Free radicals, Glutathione, Glutathione reductase, Oxidative stress

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