Role of Microbial Enzymes in Environmental Bioremediation

Faizullah Khan.1* Shahid Masood.1  Muhammad Ashraf.1 Shehzadi Bismillah.1 Altaf Hussain.1 Alim-un-Nisa.2 Ammarah Kanwal.2 Tariq Umar Khan.2

 .1Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (PCSIR) Laboratories Lahore, and Islamabad, Pakistan  

.2 International Islamic University Islamabad Pakistan 

.2Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, UVAS Lahore

Correspondence: Faizullah Khan, Senior Scientific Officer, Pakistan Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (PCSIR) Laboratories, Lahore, Pakistan.

Received: February 11, 2026                                                  Published: March 18, 2026

Citation: Faizullah Khan. Role of Microbial Enzymes in Environmental Bioremediation. AOJ Emerg and Int Med. 2026;1(3):51–57.

Copyright: ©2026 Faizullah Khan. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and build upon your work non-commercially.

Abstract

The issue of environmental pollution by industrial waste, agricultural chemicals, synthetic plastics and oil products like petroleum hydrocarbons has become very serious worldwide because of its resistance to damage and toxicity. Traditional physicochemical cleaning methods often have problems of high cost of operation, ineffective removal, and causes secondary environmental pollution. For these reasons, bioremediation has become a viable alternative being environmentally friendly and sustainable and therefore finds application in the detoxification of polluted environments by using biological systems. Enzyme based bioremediation has gained much strong attention among other bioremediation strategies due to its high specificity, effectiveness and the capacity to convert complex and resistant pollutants into less harmful or environmentally friendly products. The role of the major microbial enzymes; oxidoreductases, peroxidases, hydrolases, oxygenases, dehalogenases as well as plastic-degrading enzymes are carefully analyzed in terms of their mechanism and environmental impacts.

Keywords: Microbial enzymes; Environmental bioremediation; Pollution control; Wastewater treatment; Sustainable remediation

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